Renaissance+-+Group+2

Art in the renaissance emphasized Christianity and the rebirthing process Europe went through after the middle ages. **Good intro** This can be seen in Michelangelo's Creation of Adam. The details in the artwork is a reflection of the time. In the 16th century when the artwork was created the world was mostly Christian. This artwork represents the beginning of human life in the eyes of the Christian faith, and can compare to the birth or rebirth of life in the Renaissance time. The artwork is displayed on the roof inside the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City. It depicts a story in the book Genesis written in the New Testament in which God gives life to Adam. Other than the Christian story being depicted in the painting there are many other renaissance age themes. For instance the artwork was painted with extreme realism which was a style of painting during the renaissance age. The shading and tone of the artwork is very realistic. For instance shadows are everywhere in the painting, and glare from the sun in the artwork makes some areas brighter than others. Another theme **Don't jump around, you addressed Christianity, wnet to realism and are now back on Christianity** that emerged was the higher all-powerful image of God and his superiority to man. In Michelangelo's Creation of Adam God is displayed at a higher vantage point than Adam displaying power and control. God is also the only one clothed in the painting also showing control. God also has a beard and a mustache in the painting, which demonstrates knowledge and wisdom. Adam is lower in the picture, does not have facial hair, and is unclothed completely, demonstrating that God is superior to man in many ways. In the painting both God and Adam share many similarities in posture. God and Adam have their chests facing towards the viewer of the painting. Their hands are both outreached, heads aimed at each other and their outside arms are very similar in appearance and posture. These similarities show the likeness and mirror image of God and man. The artist who painted this, Michelangelo, **how does this fit you rintro?** was a true renaissance man, mastering architecture, sculpture, art, poetry, and engineering. He was incredibly talented in each of these fields and has at least one incredible example of his talent in each area. He was respected by almost everyone during the renaissance period with the exception of Leonardo Di Vinci. This artwork depicts major themes of the renaissance era, such as Christianity, realism, and the all-powerful and superior image of God.

Marx,Daniel. Kren,Emil "**MICHELANGELO Buonarroti" Web Gallery Of Art. 1-13-10 [] The Wikipedia Comunity. The Creation of Adam. Wikipedia. 2010. 1-13-10. [] []  **



The painting of the last supper shows the importance of Christianity to the people of the Renaissance as well as the different ways of painting during that time period. **Good intro** The last supper is a mural painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the fifteenth century in Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy. The mural depicts the messiah Jesus and his twelve disciples breaking bread and drinking wine. The bread represents the body of Christ and the wine, Christ’s blood. The painting is called the last supper because it depicts the last supper Jesus had which he knew it would be at the time. It shows how Jesus chose common foods in order for people to be able to remember him and be a part of him. Though Jesus had only a bottle of wine and a loaf of bread, he managed to feed all thirteen people plentifully. This is extremely significant to the Christian religion because it was a very ceremonial event. The painting has a deep underlying meaning as well. The twelve disciples surrounding Jesus are busy talking among each other while the messiah is somewhat isolated. This represents his devotion and concentration on his divine mission. The disciples represent the common people, devoted, yet somewhat distracted from the divine cause. This painting also represents many of the different painting techniques developed I the time of the renaissance. For example, the way Leonardo painted the room gradually getting smaller was a technique used to show depth within a painting which allowed for a more realistic piece of art. Secondly, he used shadowing, another technique new to the time period, to help show the physical characteristics of the people. Finally Leonardo used oil based paints in order to reflect the light. This use of materials created a more vibrant, lively scene. This painting represents the time period very well. It not only shows the importance of Christianity to the people of the renaissance, but it also demonstrated many painting techniques recently developed in that time period. **Nice job**

**__Bibliography__** 1. “The Last Supper (da Vinci).” __Wikipedia__. 1/12/09. 1/13/09. [|http://en.wikipedia.org] 2. “Artistic Significance of Leonardo's "Last Supper." ECheat. 2007. 1/13/10. []

"The Four Apostles," painted by Albrecht Durer is a painting that is not to be taken at face value. **Too vague - relate to Renaissance** During the 1600's when this masterpiece was painted, the widely accepted cause of illness was the body's lack of the four temperaments. The four temperaments in turn come from the theory of the four "humors" or bodily fluids: blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. These temperaments were named sanguine, melancholic, choleric, and phlegmatic. A sanguine (meaning blood) was outgoing, and courageous. His opposite, a melancholic, was prone to gloominess and insecurity. A choleric was aggressive and easily angered, and his opposite, the phlegmatic was calm and showed little emotion. The Four Apostles (from left to right: John, Peter, Mark and Paul) shown in the picture represent each temperament. John resembles a sanguine as he wears a bold red robe, showing he is outgoing. Peter resembles a phlegmatic, as he is oldest. He has learned to hide his emotions. Mark resembles a melancholic. He stares into the distance as though he wishes to find truth that no one else cares to find. And lastly, Paul resembles a choleric. He wields a sword and looks at the viewer viciously as though he is ready to act in an aggressive manner. These representations of the temperaments were invaluable to the Christian religion in the 1600's. It changed the style in which many people lived because if they became ill they would search within them self to find that imbalance in their body's temperaments. People found the need to be balanced and the temperaments eventually formed many of the morals in Christian and all society society we see today. **Interesting, but what does this tell you about the Renaissance?** **Follow directions**



Religion, realism and humanity are some of the most important characteristics of the renaissance art. **Great intro.** Michelangelo’s The Pieta, is an excellent example because it demonstrates all three. The famous sculpture was created in 1499 after being commissioned by the French cardinal Jean de Billheres. It shows Jesus, the son of God, being held by his mother, Mary, after being crucified by the Romans. Renaissance art began to reflect Christianity instead of mythology as it became the main religion during the Roman Empire, and remained so after the Roman Empire ended. Important religious patrons, such as cardinals, would commission artists to create these artworks. Realism was used by the artists to bring religious concepts to life. The sculpture shows great detail in capturing the human form and the relationship that the subjects had with one another. This was so that the viewer would relate to the subject in the sculpture. Mary is holding Jesus the way that a mother would a small child, even though he is a grown man. The sculpture captures the love Mary had for her Son. The Pieta sculpture resides in St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City, Italy. **__Bibliography__** Albrecht Durer. "of Four Apostles." 1526. Online Image. 1st Art Gallery. 1/14/10. . “Artistic Significance of Leonardo's "Last Supper." ECheat. 2007. 1/13/10. [] "Chapel of the Pieta." St. Peters Batalica.com. Unknown. 15 January 2010. <[]>"Pieta "(Michelangelo)." Wikipedia. 27 December 2009. 15 January 2010. <[]> "The Four Apostles, Part 1." Cory Hartman. 12/19/09. 1/14/10. . “The Last Supper (da Vinci).” __Wikipedia__. 1/12/09. 1/13/09. []

http://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/d/durer/1/10/5_4holy.html

http://library.thinkquest.org/21960/t616.htm

http://coryhartman.blogspot.com/2009/12/four-apostles-part-1-and-note-on-lion.html

Group Art Comparision:

The Pieta, The Creation of Adam, The Four Apostles, and The Last Supper all teach us about the renaissance and the values of the people who created them. **Too vague, what values? Christianity and realism** The Pieta, sculpted by Michelangelo in 1499, represents the importance of religion, realism, and humanity. It represents religion because it helps put the crucifixion of the messiah Jesus into perspective. Its precision represents the importance of realism during the renaissance because it shows how exact the sculpture wanted to portray the event. This sculpture showed the importance of humanity during the renaissance because it allowed for the common people to be able to relate to the depicted event. The painting of the Creation of Adam represents the importance of Christianity during the Renaissance. It also the importance of realism because of the accurate depiction of the human body as well as its posture in relation to God. The painting of The Four Apostles represents the importance the value of balance as well as personality. Finally, the painting of the Last Supper also depicts the importance of Christianity during the renaissance because it shows one of the most important parts of the Christian religion in a detailed, yet easily understandable painting. It also shows the importance of balance and realism because it is equally balanced on each side of the messiah and is very detailed in depicting the humanistic features of the characters. All of these pieces of art represent the renaissance in some way, and teach us about the values of the people of that era.

Citations: 20 points Picture summaries: 25/30 Summary: 17/20 Total: 72/80**
 * Pictures: 10 points